Etymologie, Etimología, Étymologie, Etimologia, Etymology, (griech.) etymología, (lat.) etymologia, (esper.) etimologio
US Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika, Estados Unidos de América, États-Unis d'Amérique, Stati Uniti d'America, United States of America, (esper.) Unuigintaj Statoj de Ameriko
Heteronym, Heterónimo, Hétéronyme, Eteronimo, Heteronym (esper.) Heteronimo

"§"
flystrip.com
The Heteronym Page

A "Heteronym" is a word that has the same spelling as another word but with a different pronunciation and meaning. These words are sometimes also called "homographs". To help illustrate what this means, here are twenty common heteronyms used in sentences:

• 1) The bandage was wound around the wound.
• 2) The garden was used to produce produce.
• 3) The dump was so full that it had to refuse more refuse.
• 4) We must polish the Polish furniture.
• 5) He could lead if he would get the lead out.
• 6) The soldier decided to desert his post in the desert.
• 7) Santa is ready to present the present.
• 8) A bass was painted on the head of the bass drum.
• 9) When shot at, the dove dove into the bushes.
• 10) I did not object to the object.
• 11) The insurance was invalid for the invalid.
• 12) There was a row among the oarsmen about how to row.
• 13) They were too close to the door to close it.
• 14) The buck does funny things when the does are present.
• 15) A seamstress and a sewer fell down into a sewer line.
• 16) To help with planting, the farmer taught his sow to sow.
• 17) The wind was too strong to wind the sail.
• 18) Upon seeing the tear in the painting I shed a tear.
• 19) I had to subject the subject to a series of tests.
• 20) How can I intimate this to my most intimate friend?

...

"§"
fun-with-words.com
Heteronyms

What is a "heteronym"? A pair (or group) of heteronyms are words that have the same spelling (they are "homographs") but different pronunciation (they are heterophones) and also different meanings.

It's much easier to grasp this idea with a few examples:

• "Excuse"; Please excuse me while I think of an excuse.
• "Polish"; Tell the Polish cleaners to polish the floor.
• "Minute"; The button was so minute that it was a minute before I found it.
• "Wind"; Hopefully the wind will be strong enough to wind the windmill.
• "Record"; It's the referee's job to record the new world record.

There are hundreds of heteronyms in the English language, and they fall into several categories. On this page we will investigate

• "grammatical function heteronyms",
• "capitonyms",
• "accent heteronyms",
• "true heteronyms",
• "three-way heteronyms".

...

"§"
grammarphobia.com
Heteronyms: linguistic chameleons

March 25, 2012

Q: The word "wind" has one spelling, but two different pronunciations and meanings:

• 1) “The wind is blowing”;
• 2) “Did you wind your watch?”

Is there a classification for a word like this? What other words are in this category?

A: Many (if not most) words have dual or triple or even quadruple roles as different parts of speech.

As you point out, "wind" (with a short "i") is a noun for a stiff breeze; "wind" (with a long "i") is a verb meaning to twist or wrap.

Another such pair with differently pronounced vowels is "row" (the noun meaning a quarrel) and "row" (the verb).

Many other such pairs exist, in which identically spelled words can be either nouns or verbs, depending on how they’re pronounced. They’re heteronyms — words with identical spellings but different pronunciations and meanings.

Most such words have more than one syllable. Here are some examples:

• "record" (accented on the first syllable) is a noun, while "record" (accented on the second) is a verb;
• "conflict" (accented on the first syllable) is a noun, while "conflict" (accented on the second) is a verb;
• "permit" (accented on the first syllable) is a noun, while "permit" (accented on the second) is a verb; and
• "extract" (accented on the first syllable) is a noun, while "extract" (accented on the second) is a verb.

Some of the other words that follow this pattern include "addict", "combat", "compound", "conduct", "incense", "insult", "present", "produce", and "subject".

Occasionally a spelling will change with a move in the stressed syllable, as with "envelope" (noun, accented on first syllable) and "envelop" (verb, accented on second).

The word "heteronym", by the way, entered English in the late 19th century, according to published references in the Oxford English Dictionary. The earliest citation is from an entry in the first edition of the The Century Dictionary (1889-1991).

The OED defines the term as a "word having the same spelling as another, but a different sound and meaning: opp. to homonym and synonym".

The dictionary says it was formed from an earlier adjective, "heteronymous", which showed up in the 18th century and had a different meaning: "Having different names, as a pair of correlatives, e.g. "husband", "wife": opp. to synonymous.”

Both words are derived from the Greek "heteros" ("different") and "onoma" ("name").

Heteronyms and homophones

March 30, 2007

Q: What do you call words that are spelled the same but have different meanings and pronunciations? I’m thinking of words like "tear" (as in rip) and "tear" (as in crying) or "dove" (the bird) and "dove" (did a belly flop). Any thoughts?

A: Words with the same spellings but different pronunciations and meanings are called "heteronyms": like "desert" (to abandon) and "desert" (the Sahara) or "wind" (breeze) and "wind" (to twist).

"Homophones" are words that sound the same but differ in meaning. They can be spelled differently (like "night" and "knight") or the same (like the "bark" of a dog and the "bark" of a tree)..

Isn’t English fascinating?

"§"
heteronym.com
Home of the Heteronym

A word that is two, that is, two words that are spelled identically but have different meanings and pronunciations.

For a fishy example, consider: The bass played a bass.

There's A Sewer in the Sewer

Contents

• » What is a Heteronym?
• » Heteronymphs
• » Heterocryptics
• » A Heteronymical History
• » Sherlock Heteronym
• » Try-Your-Own
• » Are You Content?
• » Index of Words Used
• Suggestion Box
• Links

Index of Words Used

• appropriate
• August
• axes
• bases
• bass
• blither
• bow
• bower
• buffet
• close
• coax
• compact
• compound
• console
• content
• converse
• croupier
• denier
• desert
• do
• does
• dove
• drawers
• entrance
• excise
• flower
• glowers
• import
• incense
• intimate
• invalid
• lead
• lied
• limber
• lineage
• liver
• lower
• lunged
• moped
• number
• object
• overage
• pate
• patent
• peaked
• peers
• polish
• present
• primer
• proceeds
• project
• putting
• ragged
• refuse
• routed
• sake
• sewer
• shower
• singer
• slough
• sow
• stingy
• subject
• supply
• tears
• tier
• tower
• used
• wicked
• wind
• wound

"§"
mrpregnant.com
Heteronyms, Heterographs, Orthographic Units

Google’s search engine linearity is governed by a myriad of qualitative principles, and the idiosyncratic nonlinearity of linguistics are often rendered into obscurity. In linguistic ambiguity there’s a myriad of ambiguous lexemes; interestingly enough, "heteronyms" and "heterographs" are hybrids or offsprings that hinges on the properties of "homonyms", "homophones" and "homographs". And in order to explore their semantics the components of all five devices must be rendered into account. If Google’s search query indexes a word such as "wind", it’s a "homograph" with polysemic classifications, and specifically a "homonym", "homograph" and "heterograph"; the distinctions between the lexemes pronunciation is predicated on syntax….leaving the search query to decipher lexical ambiguity….

"Heteronyms" are synonymous to "homographs" in that they’re spelled identical with different pronunciations; unlike "homographs" where the spellings are identical and may or may not have the same pronunciation. Because of a "homographs" pronunciation ambiguity it can be both "homonyms" or "homographic";

example, "bow"; a knot tied with loops around the neck, and "bow"; to lower ones head, and “the performer bows in acknowledgement”.

Phonetically speaking, "o" is the fourth vowel in the alphabet and varies in sound, from long to short vibrations, hence, the different variance of vowel sound induces the lexical ambiguity in the vowels "o", and "i", in the lexemes "bow", and "wind", when used syntactically.

The "heteronym" "bow", expresses both long and short vowel stresses when the semantic disparity is induced syntactically; “his weapon was a bow and arrow”; “he smiled with a bow”; the distinct pronunciations between the noun and the verb is predicated on syntax. This is what a "heteronym" entails in terms of distinct pronunciations, whereas a "homograph" may be identical or distinct in pronunciation. Both "heteronym" and "homograph" have identical spellings, and the polarity derives from the "heteronyms" pronunciation specificity and "homographs" pronunciation ambiguity..

"Heterographs" are invariably obscure and very seldom parred with "homonyms", "homophones" and "homographs", primarily because of its synonymity with "paronyms". "Heterographs" and "paronyms" appear identical in the sense that they have synonymous spelling and pronunciation derivatives; what differentiates a paronym is the derivational and inflectional morphemes affixation to a bound or free morpheme; this induces the similar pronunciation.

Example; "explicit", "implicit"; "extrinsic", "intrinsic"; "incident", and "accident".

All examples elicit a derivational morpheme prefixing an inflectional suffixed morpheme; hence, "paronyms" share similar spelling and pronunciation with "heterographs" but their identical morphological prefixed and suffixed is what separates them from "heterographs".

The synonymous spelling and pronunciation of "heterographs" are not predicated on identical morphological units, they derive from the forms and structures of free morphemes.

Examples, "peace", "piece"; "wait", "weight"; "pain", "pane"; "pair", and "pear". The vowels "a", and "e", are phonetic units that connote the sound parity.

Derivational or inflectional morpheme affixation is not required for a "heterographs" ambiguity, because it relies on vowel phonetics, and morphological units to differentiate a "heterograph" from a "paronym". Invariably, both semantic devices are syntactically conflated and often misconstrued. Putting these two lexical ambiguity into perspective requires an orthographic analysis of writing systems, another imperative area of search query.

Orthography is an emerged communicative system deriving from human invention; whether logographic, alphabetic, syllables or hieroglyphics, they all share the characteristics of orthographic writing systems.. Search engines are sorta ideogrammatic, where symbols and characters are information schematic representations without expressing pronunciations or sound; unlike phonograms which depicts sound through schematic representation. Pictography is another early orthographic system we can correlate with “Google’s image search,” because the fragmented or disconnected drawings convey a dialogue; one of semantics and pragmatics.

In Gooogle’s search query the orthographic units of keywords consist of phonemes, graphemes and morphemes, and they’re paramount search constituents. Interesting question is; how and why does small orthographic units that lack the characteristics of lexemes effect keyword searches? They’re the structure, arrangement and formation of abbreviations, acronyms, anagrams and initialisms.

Example; "jq", may be a publicly traded company’s ticker symbol; "zifds", could be the abbreviation title to a government legislation in a obscure country. And "venoplix", could be a non-generic acronym attributed to pharmaceutics or private businesses..(Abruptly ends!)

"§"
Uni Michigan
Heteronym Homepage

Welcome to the Heteronym Homepage

The Heteronym Homepage

Heteronyms are words that are spelled identically but have different meanings when pronounced differently. For example: Lead, pronounced LEED, means to guide. However, lead, pronounced LED, means a metallic element.

• Reside: to stay put vs. [Slang] to change places (change teams) [hyphenated as re-side] [N.B.: This is also a heteronym!] {T}
• Resign: to quit a contract vs. to sign the contract again [hyphenated as re-sign] {T} [N.B.: This is also a heteronym!]
• Secreted: Having put out, released vs. Placed out of sight (1) [N.B.: This word is also a heteronym!]

"§"
waywordradio.org
Homographs, Homonyns, Heteronyms

Jeff, a junior-high band director from Lafayette, Indiana, led a spring concert as part of the Bernstein at 100 celebration featuring work by Leonard Bernstein (pronounced "BERN-stine") as well as composer Elmer Bernstein (pronounced "BERN-steen"). Since these surnames are spelled the same, but pronounced differently, Jeff wonders: Are they "homographs", "homonyms", or "heteronyms"? This is part of a complete episode.

“Frequent” and Other Heteronyms

"Frequent" the adjective and "frequent" the verb can be pronounced differently, with the verb getting an emphasis on the second syllable. Wikipedia has a great list of these "heteronyms", where two words are spelled the same but pronounced differently. This is part of a complete episode.

Heteronym Word Quiz

Quiz Guy Greg Pliska has a puzzle about heteronyms, words that have the same spelling, but different meanings, like “moped” as in “acted glum” and “moped” as in a motorized bike. This is part of a complete episode.