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Common Prefixes in English

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A prefix is a letter or a group of letters attached to the beginning of a word that partly indicates its meaning. For example, the word prefix itself begins with a prefix "-pre-", which generally means "before".

Understanding the meanings of the common prefixes can help us deduce the meanings of new words that we encounter. But be careful: some prefixes (such as "-in-") have more than one meaning (in this example, "not" and "into").

The table below defines and illustrates 35 common prefixes.
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-ad- (W3)

Das Präfix "ad" bei Präfigierung von Nomen

Das Präfix "ad" kommt bei Nomen äußerst selten vor. Es wird nur in Fachsprachen verwendet. "ad" + Nomen = Adnomen: "Hortativ" - "Adhortativ"

"ad" steht auch: bei Verben

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Prefixes in English Word Formation

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Prefixes to Commonly Used Terms in Neuroscience

PREFIX - MEANING
ab- - away from | acou- - hear | act- - do, act | ad-, aff- - to | aden- - gland | aer- - air, gas | alg- - pain | alve- - tough | ambi- - both sides | andr- - man | angi- - blood vessel, duct | ante- - before | anti- - against, counter | arachn- - spider | arch- - beginning, origin | arthr- - joint | articul- - joint | audi- - hearing | aur- - ear | ax-, axon- - axis | bar- - weight | bi- - two, double | blast- - bud | brachi- - arm | brady- - slow | capit- - head | cata- - down | caud- - tail | cell- - cell, room | centr- - center | cephal- - head | cerv- - neck | chord- - string, cord | chro- - color | chron- - time | contra- - against, counter | corpus- - body | crani- - skull | cry- - cold | cut- - skin | dendr- - tree | dent- - tooth | derm- - skin | dors- - back | dys- - bad, improper | ect- - outside | electr- - amber | encephal- - brain | end- - inside | epi- - upon, after | esthe- - feel, perceive | eu- - good, normal | exo- - outside | extra- - outside of, beyond | fibr- - fibrous, fibers | glom- - little ball | gloss- - tongue | graph- - write, scratch | hemi- - half | hyper- - above, beyond, extreme | hypno- - sleep | hypo- - below, under | inflamm- - setting on fire | infra- - beneath | inter- - among, between | intra- - inside | lingu- - tongue | medi- - middle | mega- - large | meningo- - membrane | mes- - middle | meta- - beyond | micro- - small | multi- - many | ophthalm- - eye | para- - beside, beyond | peri- - around | phag- - eat | phon- - sound | phot- - light | poly- - many | retro- - backwards | somat- - body | sub- - under, below | supra- - above | tel- - end

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Word Roots

Etymology is the scientific study of the origin of words. This etymological study improves your vocabulary.
The strong vocabulary gives you

• • a more challenging and rewarding job.
• • greater self-confidence in speaking and in writing.
• • improved comprehension in all your reading.
• • success in your studies.

Etymology is not only a science, but also an art in that the beauty of the building of the words is understood.Convinced that memorizing lists of words is both difficult and unrewarding, we have developed this exclusive page on Etymology, the direct and successful method of vocabulary-building, based on the ROOT-WORDS and the proper Etymology of the ENGLISH words.

In this page on Etymology

• • each ROOT-WORD is clearly defined and discussed.
• • examples are provided showing the role of the ROOT-WORD in a variety of words.

Etymology is the best method to strengthen our command over English Language.By using your knowledge of familiar words, you will soon master the secret of vocabulary building, starting with the thousands of words in this page.

One ROOT-WORD a day will open the door to mastery of the ENGLISH language. I guarantee that if you learn only the ROOT-WORDS, you will become familiar with thousands of words which we use regularly.Do not try to memorize them. Merely read and understand. Then use the words in your daily conversations and writing.Soon, your vocabulary will expand greatly.Etymology is the best method to strengthen our command over English Language. The Canons of Etymology will make the points clear.

| -ab- | -able- | -abs- | -ac- | -acer- | -acid- | -acri- | -ad(to)- | -ada- | -ade- | -af- | -ag- | -age- | -agi- | -ago- | -al- | -ali- | -allo- | -alter- | -amb- | -ambi- | -amphi- | -an- (native) | -an- (not) | -ana- | -ance- | -ancy- | -anni- | -annu- | -ant- | -ante- | -anthrop- | | -apo- | -ar- | -arch- | -ary- | -as- | -asis- | -aster- | -astro- | -ata- | -ate- | -aud- | -aus- | -aut- | | -be- | -bene- | -bi- | -bin- | -bio- | -bis- | -bon- | -boun- |

| -calor- | -cap- | -capit- | -capt- | -cata- | -cause- | -cede- | -ceed- | -cep- | -cept- | -cess- | -chrom- | -chron- | -cian- | -cide- | -circ- | -circum- | -civ- | -civil- | -cise- | -claim- | -clam- | -clud- | -clus- | -cognosc- | -con- | -coni- | -cor- | -cord- | -corp- | -corpor- | -cour- | -court- | -crea- | -cred- | -cub- | -cule- | -cumb- | -cus- | -cuse- | -cycl- | -cyclo- | -di- | -de- | -dem- | -demi- | -demo- | -dent- | -dia- | -dic- | -dict- | -dis- | -dom- | -dont- | -dorm- | -drome- | -dromos- | -duc- | -duce- | -duct- | -dyn- | -dyna- | -dynam- | -dynamo- |

| -e- | -ec- | -ee- | -ef- | -en- (into) | -en- (made of) | -ence- | -ency- | -end- | -endo- | -enni- | -em- | -epi- | -er- | -ery- | -esis- | | -ex- | -fac- | -fact- | -fect- | -feal- | -feder- | -fer- | -fic- | -fid- | -fide- | -fila- | -fili- | -fin- | -finis- | -fix- | -flect- | -flex- | -flu- | -fluc- | -fluv- | -flux- | -forc- | -fort- | -fortuna- | -ful- | -fum- | -fy- | -gen- | -ge- | -geo- | -germ- | -gest- | -gnosi- | -grad- | -grav- | -gravi- | -gravito- | -graph- | -grat- | -gred- | -greg- | -gress- |

| -hab- | -habit- | -helio- | -hema- | -hemi- | -hemo- | -hydr- | -hydra- | -hydro- | -hyper- | -hum- | -human- | -hypn- | -hypno- | -hypo- | -ian- | -ible- | -ic- | -icle- | -ile- | -in- (not) | -in- | -im- (not) | -im- (into) | -ine- | -intellect- | -intellig- | -inter- | -intra- | -intro- | -ion- | -ir- | -ish- | -ism- | -ist- | -ite- | -ity- | -ive- | -jac- | -jec- | -ject- | -join- | -jud- | -judi- | -judic- | -junct- | -jur- | -jus- | -koni- |

| -laut- | -lav- | -- | -leg- | -less- | -liber- | -lic- | -licit- | -ling- | -lit- | -liter- | -litera- | -letter- | -liver- | -loc- | -loc- | -loco- | -log- | -logo- | -loqu- | -loqui- | -lot- | -luc- | -lum- | -lun- | -lus- | -lut- | -ly- | -macro- | -magn- | -magna- | -magni- | -mal- | -man- | -manu- | -mar- | -mari- | -matri- | -matric- | -matro- | -medi- | -mega- | -megalo- | -ment- | -mem- | -mer- | -meter- | -micro- | -migra- | -mis- | -miss- | -mit- | -mitt- | -miso- | -mob- | -mon- | -mono- | -mons- | -monstr- | -monstri- | -mori- | -mors- | -mort- | -mot- | -mov- | -multi- | -multus- | -must- |

| -nasc- | -nat- | -neo- | -ness- | -neur- | -non- | -nounc- | -nov- | -number- | -numer- | -nunc- | -nunci- | -ob- | -oc- | -of- | -oid- | -ology- | -omni- | -op- | -osis- | -oss- | -osteo- | -pan- | -para- | -pater- | -patr- | -pel- | -per- | -peri- | -photo- | -pict- | -picto- | -plac- | -plais- | -plu- | -plur- | -plus- | -pneum- | -pneuma- | -pneumon- | -poly- | -pon- | -pop- | -portion- | -pos- | -poss- | -posse- | -post- | -poten- | -potes- | -poun- | -pre- | -prim- | -prime- | -pro- | -puls- | -opus- | -oper- | -or- | -ory- | -ous- | -ped- | -pen- | -pend- | | -pod- | -port- | -pseudo- | -punct- | -put- | -re- | -rect- | -recti- | -ri- | -ridi- | -risi- | -rog- | -roga- |

| -sangui- | -sat- | -satis- | -- | -scope- | -scrib- | -scrip- | -se- | -semi- | -sesqui- | -ship- | -sign- | -signi- | -silic- | -simil- | -simul- | -sion- | -sist- | -soph- | -spec- | -spect- | -spectro- | -sphere- | -spond- | -spons- | -sta- | -stereo- | -stet- | -stit- | -stru- | -struct- | -sub- | -sum- | -sume- | -sump- | -super- | -supr- | -supra- | -sur- | -syl- | -sym- | -syn- | -sys- | -tact- | -tag- | -tain- | -tang- | -techn- | -techni- | -technic- | -techny- | -tempo- | -tempor- | -ten- | -tend- | -tens- | -tent- | -tent- | -test- | -the- | -theo- | -tig- | -ting- | -tinu- | -tion- | -tra- | -tract- | -trah- | -trans- | -trib- | -tui- | -tuit- | -tut- | -tude- | -ty- |

| -ult- | -ultim- | -ultima- | | -ure- | -vac- | -val- | -vali- | -vale- | -valu- | -ven- | -veni- | -vent- | -ver- | -veri- | -vers- | -vert- | -vest- | -vic- | -vicis- | -vict- | -vinc- | -vid- | -vis- | -viv- | -vivi- | -vita- | -ultra- | -voc- | -volcan- | -vok- | -vulcan- | -y- |

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listafterlist
The Most Common Prefixes in English

This list is from Overcoming Dyslexia, by Sally Shaywitz, MD. A noted researcher in neuroscience and a pediatrician, Dr Shaywitz is professor of pediatrics and codirector of the Yale Center for the Study of Learning and Attention. She is also a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences. She hopes her book will be a “trusted source you can turn to for information, for advice, for guidance and for explanation.”. If your child knows these twenty prefixes, he will be able to add many words to his vocabulary. They account for 97 percent of all words with prefixes!
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prefixsuffix.com
English Language Roots
Word Prefixes, Suffixes & Syllables

We improved our chart-based site, adding features such as a "root word search engine" which gives you access to over 2,000 root words, making our site one of the most comprehensive online references of English language word roots.

A Really Quick Primer

Because you came here, you know already that a word whose meaning you don't know can be broken down into smaller parts and analyzed, a mental process students go through for vocabulary tests. The core part of such an analysis is to identify root words that hint at the word's overall meaning.

As an example, take the word "introspect". It is broken down into the root "spect", meaning "to look", and the prefix "intro", which adds the meaning "within". So, "look within". See how easy that was?

If you are interested in more word study, you can read this site's brief write-ups on:

• root words - what are they really?
• prefixes and suffixes - fancy words, but what do they do?
• syllables - how do they bridge written and spoken words?
• etymology - people actually study where our words come from?
• making new words - where do they get those wacky product names?

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spellingbee
A Dictionary of Prefixes, Suffixes, and Combining Forms
from Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged
2002

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teslcafe
Most Common Prefixes in English

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un- (W3)

• 1) Verkehrung ins Gegenteil: "ungesäuert", "Unmensch", "unmenschlich", "unmöglich", "unrein", "unvernünftig", ...
• 2) Abweichung von einer Idealvorstellung oder von etwas das als Normal erachtet wird: "unangebracht", "unerhört", "unnormal", "unschicklich", "unverständlich", ...
• 3) Steigerung eines negativen Begriffs: "Ungewitter", "Unkosten", "Unkraut", "Unmenge", "Unsumme", "Untier", ...

un-

Negation; reversal of a state.

Old English prefixes "un-" and "on-", of Germanic origin.

This prefix occurs extremely widely; the majority of adjectives, adverbs, and verbs (and many nouns) can in principle be given it to create a new word indicating an opposite or a reversal.

A very few of the many examples in the sense of "not" are "unconnected", "unenclosed", "unfashionable", "unhappy", "unloved", "unmade", "unsuitable", and "unwilling". In this sense, "un-" often has a stronger and less neutral force than just negation (so it is not equivalent to "non-"): "unkind" can mean active cruelty rather than a simple lack of kindness; to say someone is "un-American" can imply an active antagonism to American ways.

With verbs, it usually has the sense of reversing some state: "unblock", "unburden", "unhook", "unlace", "unsettle", "unstick", "untie", "unwind", "unzip".

"Un-" is closely related in sense to "in-" (see "in-" (1)), but although the latter prefix is common it is no longer active. There is no good rule to decide which is the right form in any given situation and terms have to be learnt. To confuse matters somewhat, some noun-adjective pairs use different prefixes: "instability" corresponds to "unstable"; "inequality" to "unequal"; "injustice" to "unjust". In a few cases, pairs of adjectives exist in both prefixes with similar senses: "inadvisable" and "unadvisable"; "incommunicative" and "uncommunicative". In a few other pairs, members have significantly different senses, as with "unhuman", not resembling or having the qualities of a human being, versus "inhuman", lacking human qualities of compassion and mercy.

"UN"

This ROOT-WORD is the Prefix "UN" which means "NOT". It is one of the negative-root-words that you will meet. It is a very satisfactory negative. It is a very satisfactory negative. It says "NO": and it means just that and nothing else.

• 1. "unable" - UN able adj. - Not having the skill to do something.
• 2. "unabridged" - UN abridged adj. - Not shortened.
• 3. "unclothed" - UN clothed adj. - Not dressed; maked.
• 4. "unadvanced" - UN advanced adj. - Not having gone forward.
• 5. "unalloyed" - UN alloyed adj. - Not mixed; pure.
• 6. "unadorned" - UN adorned adj. - Not fancy; simple.
• 7. "unambitious" - UN ambitious adj. - Not eager to get ahead.
• 8. "unaffected" - UN affected adj. - Not touched; unconcerned.
• 9. "unaltered" - UN altered adj. - Not changed.
• 10. "uneducated" - UN educated adj. - Not learned.
• 11. "unfinished" - UN finished adj. - Not ended, as an unfinished story.
• 12. "unhurried" - UN hurried adj. - Not in a rush; slow.
• 13. "unknown" - UN known adj. - Not recognized; strange.
• 14. "unloved" - UN loved adj. - Not cherished.
• 15. "unread" - UN read adj. - Not read.
• 16. "unspoken" - UN spoken adj. - Not stated orally; not said.
• 17. "untouched" - UN touched adj. - Not touched.
• 18. "untouchable" - UN touchable adj. - Cannot be touched.
• 19. "unwelcome" - UN welcome adj. - Not received graciously; unwanted.

"*ne-"

Proto-Indo-European root meaning "not".

It forms all or part of:

• "a-" (3) = "not", "without"; "abnegate"; "ahimsa";
• "an-" (1) privative prefix; "annihilate"; "annul"; "aught" (n.2) = "zero", "nothing"; "deny"; "hobnob";
• "in-" (1) = "not", "opposite of", "without"; "ixnay"; "naught"; "naughty"; "nay"; "nefarious"; "negate"; "neglect"; "negligee"; "negotiate"; "neither"; "nepenthe"; "nescience"; "nescient"; "neuter"; "never"; "nice"; "nihilism"; "nihility"; "nil"; "nill"; "nimiety"; "nix"; "no"; "non-"; "none"; "nonplus"; "nor"; "not"; "nothing"; "null"; "nullify"; "nulliparous"; "renegade"; "renege";
• "un-" (1) prefix of negation; "willy-nilly".

It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit "a-", "an-" = "not"; Avestan "na" = "not"; Greek "a-", "an-", "ne-" = "not"; Latin "in-" = "not", "ne" = "that not"; Old Church Slavonic and Lithuanian "ne" = "not"; Old Irish "an-", "ni", Cornish "ny" = "not"; Gothic and Old English "un-" = "not".

Words related to *ne-

a- | an- | in- | non- | un- | abnegatea | bnegation | ahimsa | amritsar | annihilate | annul | aught | deny | hobnob | inopportune | insatiable | ixnay | naught | naughty | nay | necessary | nefarious | negate | negation | negatory | neglect | negligee | negotiate | negotiation | neither | nemo | nepenthe | nescience | nescient | neuter | never | nice | nihilism | nihility | nil | nill | nimiety | nix | no | none | nonplus | nor | not | nothing | null | nullify | nulliparous | renegade | renege | willy-nilly

"un-" (1)

prefix of negation, Old English "un-", from Proto-Germanic "*un-" (source also of Old Saxon, Old Frisian, Old High German, German "un-", Gothic "un-", Dutch "on-"), from PIE "*n-" (source of Sanskrit "a-", "an-" = "not", Greek "a-", "an-", Old Irish "an-", Latin "in-"), combining form of PIE root "*ne-" = "not". Often euphemistic (such as "untruth" for "lie").

The most prolific of English prefixes, freely and widely used in Old English, where it forms more than 1,000 compounds. It underwent a mass extinction in early Middle English, but emerged with renewed vigor 16c. to form compounds with native and imported words. It disputes with Latin-derived cognate "in-" (1) the right to form the negation of certain words ("indigestable" / "undigestable", etc.), and though both might be deployed in cooperation to indicate shades of meaning ("unfamous" / "infamous"), typically they are not.

It also makes words from phrases (such as "uncalled-for", c. 1600; "undreamed-of", 1630s; "uncome-at-able", 1690s; "unputdownable", 1947, of a book; "un-in-one-breath-utterable", Ben Jonson; etc., but the habit is not restricted to "un-"; such as "put-up-able-with", 1812). As a prefix in telegramese to replace "not" and save the cost of a word, it is attested by 1936.

"un-" (2)

prefix of reversal, deprivation, or removal (as in "unhand", "undo", "unbutton"), Old English "on-", "un-", from Proto-Germanic "*andi-" (source also of Old Saxon "ant-", Old Norse "and-", Dutch "ont-", Old High German "ant-", German "ent-", Gothic "and-" = "against"), from PIE "*anti" = "facing opposite", "near", "in front of", "before", "against" (from PIE root "*ant-" = "front", "forehead", with derivatives meaning "in front of", "before").

More or less confused with "un-" (1) through similarity in the notions of "negation" and "reversal"; an adjective such as "unlocked" might represent "not locked" ("un-" (1)) or the past tense of "unlock" ("un-" (2)).

Words related to un-

• *ant- | *ne- | a- | in- | nebbish | nefandous | not | privative |
• unabashed | unabated | unable | unabridged | unaccented | unacceptable | unaccompanied | unaccomplished | unaccountable | unaccredited | unaccustomed | unacknowledged | unacquainted | unadorned | unadulterated | unadvertised | unaffected | unafraid | unaided | unalienable | unalloyed | unalterable | unaltered | unambiguous | un-american | unannounced | unanswerable | unanswered | unanticipated | unapologetic | unappeasable | unappreciated | unappreciative | unapprehended | unapproachable | unapproved | unarmed | unashamed | unasked | unaspiring | unassailable | unassimilated | unassisted | unassuming | unattached | unattainable | unattended | unattested | unattractive | unauthorized | unavailability | unavailable | unavailing | unavoidable | unawares |
• unbalance | unbalanced | unbar | unbearable | unbeatable | unbeaten | unbecoming | unbefitting | unbefriended | unbegotten | unbegun | unbeknown | unbelief | unbelievable | unbeliever | unbend | unbeseeming | unbesought | unbias | unbiased | unbidden | unbind | unbleached | unblemished | unblown | unborn | unbosom | unbounded | unbowed | unbreakable | unbridled | un-british | unbroken | unbuckle | unburden | unburied | unbutton |
• uncalled | uncanny | uncap | uncaring | unceasing | uncensored | unceremonious | uncertain | unchain | unchallenged | unchangeable | unchanged | unchanging | uncharacteristic | uncharitable | uncharted | unchartered | unchaste | unchecked | unchivalrous | unchristian | unchurched | uncirculated | uncircumcised | uncivil | uncivilized | unclasp | unclassified | unclean | uncleanly | unclear | uncleared | unclog | unclothe | unclouded | uncoil | uncollected | uncollectible | uncolored | uncomely | uncomfortable | uncommitted | uncommon | uncommunicative | uncomparable | uncompassionate | uncompensated | uncomplaining | uncomplicated | uncompounded | uncomprehending | uncomprehensible | uncompromised | uncompromising | unconcerned | unconditional | unconditioned | unconfined | unconfirmed | unconformable | unconformity | uncongenial | unconnected | unconquerable | unconscionable | unconscious | unconstitutional | unconstrained | uncontested | uncontrollable | uncontrolled | uncontroverted | unconventional | unconverted | unconvinced | uncool | uncooperative | uncoordinated | uncorrupted | uncorruptible | uncountable | uncounted | uncouple | uncouth | uncover | uncredited | uncritical | uncultivated | uncurbed | uncurious | uncurl | uncut |
• undated | undaunted | undaunting | undead | undeceive | undeceived | undecided | undecipherable | undecisive | undefeated | undefended | undefiled | undefinable | undefined | undelivered | undemanding | undemonstrative | undeniable | undeserved | undeserving | undesirable | undetectable | undetected | undetermined | undeterred | undeveloped | undeviating | undifferentiated | undigested | undignified | undiluted | undiminished | undisciplined | undisclosed | undiscovered | undisguised | undismayed | undisputable | undisputed | undistinguishable | undistinguished | undisturbed | undivided | undivulged | undo | undocumented | undomesticated | undone | undoubtable | undoubted | undreamed | undress | undue | undying |
• unearned | unearth | unearthly | uneasy | uneducated | unelectable | unemancipated | unemotional | unemployed | unemployment | unencumbered | unending | unendurable | un-english | unenlightened | unenthusiastic | unenviable | unequal | unequivocal | unerring | unethical | uneven | uneventful | unevitable | unexamined | unexceptionable | unexceptional | unexcusable | unexpected | unexperienced | unexplainable | unexplained | unexplored | unexpurgated |
• unfading | unfailing | unfair | unfaithful | unfaltering | unfamiliar | unfamous | unfashionable | unfasten | unfathomable | unfathomed | unfavorable | unfazed | unfeasible | unfeeling | unfeigned | unfelt | unfetter | unfinished | unfit | unflagging | unflappable | unflattering | unfledged | unflinching | unfold | unforced | unforeseeable | unforeseen | unforgettable | unforgivable | unforgiven | unforgiving | unforgotten | unformed | unfortunate | unfortune | unfounded | unfree | unfrequented | unfriend | unfriendly | unfruitful | unfulfilled | unfunded | unfunny | unfurl | unfurnished |
• ungainly | ungentlemanly | ungird | unglue | ungodly | ungovernable | ungoverned | ungraceful | ungracious | ungrammatical | ungrateful | unguarded | unguided |
• unhallowed | unhampered | unhand | unhappily | unhappy | unharmed | unharness | unhealthy | unheard | unheeded | unhelpful | unheralded | unhindered | unhinge | unhistorical | unhitch | unholy | unhonored | unhorse | unhuman | unhygienic |
• unidentifiable | unidentified | unimaginable | unimaginative | unimpaired | unimpeachable | unimpeded | unimportant | unimposing | unimpressed | unimproved | unincorporated | uninflected | uninfluenced | uninformed | uninhabitable | uninhabited | uninhibited | uninitiated | uninjured | uninquisitive | uninspired | unintelligent | unintelligible | unintended | unintentional | uninterested | uninteresting | uninterrupted | uninvite | uninvited | uninviting |
• unjoin | unjust | unjustifiable | unjustified |
• unkempt | unkept | unkillable | unkind | unkindly | unkindness | unknit | unknowable | unknowing | unknown |
• unlace | unlade | unladylike | unlamented | unlatch | unlawful | unleaded | unlearn | unlearned | unleash | unleavened | unlettered | unlicensed | unlike | unlikely | unlimber | unlimited | unlink | unlisted | unlivable | unload | unlock | unlooked | unloose | unloved | unlovely | unlucky |
• unmade | unmake | unman | unmanageable | unmanaged | unmanly | unmanned | unmannerly | unmarked | unmarketable | unmarred | unmarried | unmask | unmastered | unmatched | unmeaning | unmeasurable | unmediated | unmeet | unmentionable | unmerciful | unmerited | unmet | unmindful | unmistakable | unmitigated | unmodified | unmolested | unmoor | unmotivated | unmounted | unmovable | unmoved | unmuzzled |
• unnamed | unnatural | unnecessary | unneeded | unnerve | unnoticed | unnumbered |
• unobjectionable | unobservant | unobserved | unobstructed | unobtainable | unobtrusive | unoccupied | unoffending | unofficial | unopposed | unorganized | unoriginal | unorthodox | unostentatious | unowned |
• unpack | unpaid | unpalatable | unparalleled | unpardonable | unpatriotic | unpaved | unpenetrable | unperceived | unpersuasive | unperturbed | unplace | unplanned | unpleasant | unplug | unpolished | unpolluted | unpopular | unpopularity | unpracticed | unprecedented | unpredictable | unprejudiced | unpremeditated | unprepared | unprepossessing | unpresentable | unpretentious | unpreventable | unprincipled | unproductive | unprofessional | unprofitable | unpromising | unprompted | unpronounceable | unpropitious | unprotected | unprovable | unproved | unprovoked | unpublished | unpunctual | unpunished |
• unqualified | unquantifiable | unquenchable | unquestionable | unquestioned | unquiet | unquote |
• unravel | unreachable | unread | unreadable | unready | unreal | unrealistic | unreality | unreason | unreasonable | unrecognizable | unreconciled | unreconstructed | unrecorded | unredeemed | unrefined | unreformed | unregenerate | unrelated | unrelenting | unreliable | unrelieved | unremarkable | unremitted | unremitting | unrepairable | unrepentant | unrequited | unreserved | unresisting | unresolved | unresponsive | unrest | unrestrained | unrestricted | unrewarded | unrighteous | unripe | unrivalled | unroll | unromantic | unruffled | unruly |
• unsafe | unsaid | unsalted | unsanitary | unsatiable | unsatisfactory | unsatisfied | unsaturated | unsavory | unscathed | unschooled | unscramble | unscriptural | unscrupulous | unseal | unsearchable | unseasonable | unseasoned | unseat | unsecure | unsecured | unseeded | unseemly | unseen | unselfish | unsentimental | unseparable | unsettle | unsettled | unsex | unshakable | unshaken | unsheathe | unshod | unshorn | unsightly | unsinkable | unskilled | unskillful | unsmiling | unsociable | unsold | unsolicited | unsolved | unsophisticated | unsorted | unsought | unsound | unsparing | unspeakable | unspoiled | unspoken | unsporting | unsportsmanlike | unstable | unstack | unsteady | unstick | unstinted | unstinting | unstop | unstoppable | unstressed | unstring | unstrung | unstuck | unstudied | unsubscribe | unsubsidized | unsubstantial | unsubstantiated | unsuccessful | unsuitable | unsuited | unsullied | unsung | unsupervised | unsupported | unsure | unsurmountable | unsurpassable | unsurpassed | unsuspected | unsuspecting | unsustainable | unswayed | unsweetened | unswerving | unsympathetic | unsystematic |
• untainted | untamed | untangible | untangle | untapped | untaught | untempered | untenable | untenanted | untether | unthaw | unthinkable | unthinking | unthrifty | untidy | untie | untilled | untimely | untitled | untold | untouchable | untouched | untoward | untrained | untrammeled | untreatable | untried | untrodden | untroubled | untrue | untrustworthy | untruth | unturned | untwist |
• unusable | unused | unusual | unutterable |
• unvanquished | unvarnished | unvarying | unveil |
• unwanted | unwarranted | unwary | unwashed | unwavering | unwearied | unwed | unwelcome | unwell | unwholesome | unwieldy | unwilling | unwind | unwise | unwitting | unwonted | unworkable | unworldly | unworthy | unwound | unwrap | unwritten |
• unyielding |
• unzip |
• wanton |

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virtualsalt.com
How Words Work

...
Many words are made up of a root (or base word) and a prefix. Some words also have a suffix. For example, the root word "port" means to "carry" or to "bear". Attach the prefix "ex", meaning "out" or "out of", and you have the word "export", to "carry out". Attach the prefix "im", meaning "in" or "into" and you have "import", to "carry in". Attach the prefix "trans", meaning "across", and you have "transport", meaning to "carry across". Now let's attach the suffix "able", meaning "able to be", and you have "importable", "exportable", and "transportable".

The very words "prefix" and "suffix" are good examples, too. "Pre" means "before" and "fix" means to "fasten" or "attach", so quite literally, a "prefix" is "something attached to the beginning of something else". "Suf" is a variant of "sub", "below" or "under", so a "suffix" is "something fastened underneath something else" (in this case, behind the root).

By learning the common roots and prefixes (and a few suffixes) you will be able to discern the meaning of many new words almost immediately. (But do look them up for confirmation.) Take the word "abject", for example. If you know that "ab" means "away" or "down" and "ject" means to "throw", you can easily figure out that "abject" doesn't mean something happy. Rather "abject"'s root meaning of "thrown down" is quite close to the dictionary defintion of "cast down in spirit" or "sunk into depression".

Note that some modern words are formed by using abbreviated forms of other words. Thus, we see the use of the letter "i" for "Internet" in "iPhone", "iPod", and "iTunes", indicating that these items or services work with the Internet. Similarly, the use of "e" for "electronic" appears in words such as "elearning" (and various forms: "eLearning", "E-Learning", and so on), "e-commerce", and "e-business". The "e-terms" seem to have been coined before the "i-terms" became popular. And note that most of the "i-terms" are trademarks, while the others are general descriptors: "I'm going to download some iTunes from Apple's "e-commerce" site because I love e-music." At any rate, these abbreviated forms are not traditional prefixes, but because they are indeed attached to the front of what amounts to root words, they could be considered functional prefixes.
...

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Haldeman, Samuel Stehman (Autor)
Affixes in Their Origin & Application
Exhibiting the Etymologic Structure of English Words

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Quinion, Michael
Ologies and Isms
A Dictionary of Word Beginnings and Endings

Over 10,000 examples of word affixes to help you to decode word meanings.

This book covers topics such as Aquaculture, Haemophilia, Isochronous, Neuralgia, Polyunsaturated, and Rodenticide. How often do we see a technical word without quite knowing what it means? If we can decipher it - undo its language code - we can start to understand others of a similar kind. For example, if we know that words beginning with "aqua" are to do with "water", then we are half way to understanding the word "aquaculture". "Ologies and Isms" is about the building blocks of the English language - the beginnings and endings and sometimes the middles - that help form or adapt many of the words we use.

Whether you're a student or a practitioner, a teacher of English, an inveterate word-user, or just a seeker-out of linguistic trifles, the book should help you understand better the language of your workplace and the world around you. The text contains over 10,000 examples within 1250 entries and a selective thematic index breaks prefixes and suffixes down by theme, including biochemistry and drugs, living world, places and people.

We all have a childlike love of playing with words, adding bits, Lego-style, to create new ones. And we often wonder where words come from and how they are formed.

This book fills a gap we hardly knew existed. Ologies and Isms is about the building blocks of the English language—the beginnings and endings, sometimes the middles—that help create many of the words we use. How often do we see a common technical or medical word without quite knowing what it means? Does your blood run cold when you hear haemophilia; do you pale at paleobotany? If we can decipher such words, we can start to understand others of a similar kind.

Ologies And Isms A Dictionary Of Word Beginnings And Endings (Oxford Paperback Reference)

by Michael Quinion

ISBN 13: 9780192801234

ISBN 10: 0192801236

Paperback; Oxford: Oxford University Press, USA, April 3, 2003; ISBN-13: 978-0192801234

Ologies and Isms: A Dictionary of Word Beginnings and Endings

by Michael Quinion

The codebook has arrived!

Some of the most common--and often misinterpreted--parts of English language construction are prefixes and suffixes. Ologies and Isms unlocks the meaning of these building blocks that make up so much of our modern medical and technical vocabulary. In accessible, plain language this book explains what each affix means. With its huge store of examples--over 10,000 across 1,250 entries--this ready reference illustrates the numerous ways that each is used in everyday speech and writing.

Organized in a handy A to Z format, the book features a full Introduction, a section with definitions of technical terms, and a selective thematic index. Anyone (and there are quite a few of us) who has puzzled over 'antidisestablishmentarianism' or struggled with 'histopathologist' will welcome this volume for the relief it provides.

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Sheehan, Michael
Word Parts Dictionary
Standard and Reverse Listings of Prefixes, Suffixes, and Combining Forms

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Urdang, Laurence
Prefixes and Other Word-Initial Elements of English

Synopsis
Origins, history, meanings and applications of nearly 3000 common and technical free forms, bound forms, and roots that frequently occur at the beginnings of words, with an index of all sample words, variants and etymological source words and roots.