Etymologie, Etimología, Étymologie, Etimologia, Etymology, (griech.) etymología, (lat.) etymologia, (esper.) etimologio
UK Vereinigtes Königreich Großbritannien und Nordirland, Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda del Norte, Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande du Nord, Regno Unito di Gran Bretagna e Irlanda del Nord, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, (esper.) Britujo
Paare, Wortpaare, Zwillingsformeln, Dittologia, Dual Expression, (esper.) vorto paro (?)

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A

"§"
all and sundry (W3)

Engl. "all and sundry" (14. Jh.) = "jeder", "Hinz und Kunz", "samt und sonders", "mit Kind und Kegel", besteht aus zwei Wörtern mit der gleichen Bedeutung: "all" = "sämtlich", "vollständig", "ganz" und "sundry" = "verschiedene", "diverse", "allerlei", "allerhand". Die Wiederholung bzw. Doppelung dient wie in vielen anderen Beispielen der Verstärkung der Aussage.

(E?)(L1) http://www.atlasobscura.com/places/all-saints-way

All Saints Way
Boston, Massachusetts
"Mock all and sundry things, but leave the saints alone."
saints, shrines
24 Dec 2013


(E1)(L1) https://www.bartleby.com/81/A1.html


(E?)(L?) http://www.business-english.de/daily_mail_quiz.day-2009-09-17.html

17.09.2009 all and sundry


(E?)(L?) http://www.oedilf.com/db/Lim.php?Word=all and sundry
Limericks on all and sundry

(E?)(L?) http://users.tinyonline.co.uk/gswithenbank/sayindex.htm


(E?)(L1) http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=all+and+sundry


(E?)(L1) http://www.usingenglish.com/reference/idioms/all+and+sundry.html


(E1)(L1) http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?corpus=0&content=all and sundry
Abfrage im Google-Corpus mit 15Mio. eingescannter Bücher von 1500 bis heute.

Engl. "all and sundry" taucht in der Literatur um das Jahr 1640 / 1790 auf.

Erstellt: 2014-03

B

"§"
binomial (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/binomial
"Binomials" are the simplest "collocations". They are two-part phrases linked by a conjunction (like "quick and dirty").

"§"
by and by (W3)



C

"§"
collocation
Kollokation (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/collocation
Eine "Kollokation" ist ein fest gefügter sprachlicher Ausdruck aus zusammengehörigen Lexemen wie "Pferd" und "wiehern": "Das Pferd wiehert.".
Auch das gemeinsame Vorkommen von Teilbedeutungen in einem Wort wird als "Kollokation" bezeichnet. Etwa für "gehen": "Er geht seinen Weg.", "Er geht zum Friseur.", "Die Bombe geht in die Luft.", "Wie geht's?".

D

E

F

"§"
fair and aquare (W3)



"§"
first and foremost (W3)



"§"
fun and games (W3)



G

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give and take (W3)



H

"§"
higgledy-piggledy (W3)

(E?)(L?) https://owad.de/word
= "unstructured", "confused" = "drunter und drüber", "kreuz und quer", "Durcheinander".

"Higgledy-piggledy" is an example of "reduplication", a process in which words are formed by starting with one word, copying it with one slight change, and then saying it again.

You probably already know reduplications like "criss-cross", "King Kong", "ship-shape", and "tick-tock".

Some reduplications have been around for a long time - all these common words have been in English for over 400 years:

I

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ifs and buts (W3)



"§"
ins and outs (W3)



J

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Jack and Jill (W3)

"Jack" (familiar form of "John") and "Jill" (familiar form of "Gillian") stand for the archetypal "boy an girl" or "man and woman".
Die Bezeichnung "Jack and Jill" wurde mitgeprägt durch einen alten Kinderreim:
Jack and Jill went up the hill
To fetch a pail of water.
Jack fell down and broke his crown,
And Jill came tumbling after.

"§"
Jekyll und Hyde
Dr.Jekyll und Mr.Hyde (W3)

Dieses Pärchen geht zurück auf einen Roman von Robert Louis Stevenson (1850-1894). Der Originaltitel lautete "The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" (1886). Die deutsche Übersetzung lautete "Der seltsame Fall des Doctor Jekyll und des Herrn Hyde".

Eigentlich handelt es sich dabei um die selbe Person. Der Arzt Dr. Jekyll möchte den guten und bösen Mächten in jedem Menschen auf die Spur kommen. In Selbstversuchen testet er ein von ihm entwickeltes Elixier und verwandelt sich nachts in das menschliche Monster Mr. Hyde.

Daraus abgeleitet werden Menschen oder zwischen "Gut und Böse" wechselnde Situationen mit "Jekyll und Hyde" verglichen. Diese "beiden Personen" werden auch im Zusammenhang mit "Schizophrenie" genannt.

Im Jahr 1931 diente die Romanvorlage als Drehbuch für einen Horrorfilm "Der seltsame Fall des Doctor Jekyll und des Herrn Hyde". Auch ein Musical "Jekyll and Hyde" wurde nach dieser Vorlage geschrieben.

Der Film "Abbott and Costello Meet Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" aus dem Jahr 1953 scheint eine Parodie zu diesem Thema zu sein.

Als kleine Spielerei ist der Satz "Dr. Jekyll vows to finish zapping quixotic bum" anzusehen, der alle Buchstaben des Alphabets enthält. (Dies nennt man "Pangram".)

(E?)(L2) http://www.classic-horror.com/reviews/acjekyllhyde.shtml


(E1)(L1) http://www.etymonline.com/


(E?)(L?) http://www.gertrudejekyll.co.uk/


(E?)(L1) http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/42


(E?)(L1) http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/43


(E?)(L2) http://wordcraft.infopop.cc/eponyms.htm


(E?)(L1) http://jeff560.tripod.com/words9.html


(E?)(L2) http://digitalgallery.nypl.org/nypldigital/dgkeysearchresult.cfm?keyword=jekyll


(E1)(L1) http://www.wordsmith.org/awad/archives/0899


K

"§"
Kith and Kin (W3)

Engl. "with kith and kin" (1300s) entspricht dt. "mit Kind und Kegel" (engl. "friends and kindred" = dt. "Freunde und Verwandte"). Im Original soll es engl. "country-men" und "family members" bedeutet haben.

Bei der Bildung der Redewendung dürfte auch der Stabreim eine Rolle gespielt haben.

Engl. "kin" steht dabei für engl. "kindred" = dt. "Verwandtschaft" und ist ein Überbleibsel des Altenglischen mit der Bedeutung engl. "family", "race", "kind", "nature".

Engl. "kith" (vor 900) geht auf ein altenglisches Wort "cyth", "cyththu" mit der Bedeutung engl. "known", "kinship", "knowledge", auch "one's native land" zurück und umfasst engl. "familiar friends", "neighbors", "fellow countrymen", "acquaintances", also "Verwandte, Bekannte und Nachbarn". Als Verwandte Wörter findet man got. "kunthi" und dt. "Kunde" = engl. "knowledge".

Heute können engl. "kith" und engl. "kin" nahezu synonym verwandt werden.

Engl. "kindred" bezeichnet engl. "a relationship by blood or marriage", "a natural grouping", "family", "clan", "relatives".

Lit:

(E?)(L1) http://www.gutenberg.org/browse/authors/f
Finley, Martha, 1828-1909: Elsie's Kith and Kin (English) (as Author)

(E?)(L?) http://blog.inkyfool.com/search/label/Etymology

Wednesday, 18 August 2010

Uncouth Kith and Kin

Your "kin" is, of course, your family. Your "kith" is everybody you know. Indeed, "kith" originally meant "knowledge". Those who are not your "kith" are "unkith", and therefore "uncouth", which originally meant "unknown".

"Uncouth" comes, it seems, from "cuð", which gave the Old English "wifcyþþe", which meant "woman-knowledge", which meant "rumpy-pumpy". But now "uncouth" survives as a fossil word like "gormless", "feckless", "ruthless" and "reckless", on which I have already blogged.

However, according to the dictionary, "couth" has survived in Scotland (although I don't see why anything would want to do that). In those cold, hyperborean, whisky-sodden glens "couth"'s meaning has moved from "known" to "familiar" to "snug and cosy".


(E2)(L1) https://www.dictionary.com/browse/kith and kin


(E?)(L?) http://users.tinyonline.co.uk/gswithenbank/sayindex.htm

Kith and kin


(E?)(L1) http://www.usingenglish.com/reference/idioms/kith+and+kin.html

Kith and kin


(E?)(L?) http://wordcraft.infopop.cc/Archives/2008-3-Mar.htm

kith and kin

kith [as in "kith and kin"] - familiar persons, taken collectively; one's friends, neighbors, acquaintances
...


(E1)(L1) http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?corpus=0&content=Kith and Kin
Abfrage im Google-Corpus mit 15Mio. eingescannter Bücher von 1500 bis heute.

Engl. "Kith and Kin" taucht in der Literatur um das Jahr 1830 auf.

Erstellt: 2014-03

L

"§"
leaps and bounds (W3)



M

N

"§"
nitty gritty (W3)

Engl. "nitty gritty" = engl. "important details", dt. "Kern der Sache" kam im Jahr 1961 im amerikanischen Englisch unter Jazz-Musikern auf. Unter den bisher nicht verifizierten Theorien findet man auch den Bezug zu engl. "nit and grit" = dt. "Nisse und Korn". Der Ausdruck engl. "To get down to the nitty gritty" entspricht dt. "zur Sache kommen".

(E6)(L?) http://www.laut.de/The-Nitty-Gritty-Dirt-Band

Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The


(E?)(L?) http://www.nittygritty.com/

Nitty Gritty Dirt Band


(E?)(L?) https://owad.de/word

nitty gritty


(E?)(L?) https://www.dictionary.com/browse/nitty gritty

nitty gritty


(E?)(L1) http://www.top40db.net/Find/Songs.asp?By=Year&ID=1963

The Nitty Gritty - by Shirley Ellis


(E?)(L1) http://www.top40db.net/Find/Songs.asp?By=Year&ID=1969

The Nitty Gritty - by Gladys Knight & The Pips


(E?)(L1) http://www.top40db.net/Find/Songs.asp?By=Year&ID=1970

Mr. Bojangles - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band


(E?)(L1) http://www.top40db.net/Find/Songs.asp?By=Year&ID=1983

Dance Little Jean - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band


(E?)(L1) http://www.top40db.net/Find/Songs.asp?By=Year&ID=1984

I Love Only You - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band
Long Hard Road (The Sharecropper's Dream) - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band


(E?)(L1) http://www.top40db.net/Find/Songs.asp?By=Year&ID=1985

High Horse - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band
Home Again In My Heart - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band
Modern Day Romance - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band


(E?)(L1) http://www.top40db.net/Find/Songs.asp?By=Year&ID=1986

Fire In The Sky - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band
Partners, Brothers And Friends - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band
Stand A Little Rain - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band


(E?)(L1) http://www.top40db.net/Find/Songs.asp?By=Year&ID=1987

Baby's Got A Hold On Me - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band
Fishin' In The Dark - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band
Oh What A Love - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band


(E?)(L1) http://www.top40db.net/Find/Songs.asp?By=Year&ID=1988

Down That Road Again - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band
I've Been Lookin' - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band
Workin' Man (Nowhere To Go) - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band


(E?)(L1) http://www.top40db.net/Find/Songs.asp?By=Year&ID=1989

When It's Gone - by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band


(E?)(L1) http://www.usingenglish.com/reference/idioms/nitty+gritty.html

Nitty gritty


(E1)(L1) http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?corpus=0&content=nitty gritty
Abfrage im Google-Corpus mit 15Mio. eingescannter Bücher von 1500 bis heute.

Engl. "nitty gritty" taucht in der Literatur um das Jahr 1900 / 1950 auf.

Erstellt: 2014-08

"§"
nitty-gritty (W3)

Die genaue Herkunft von engl. "nitty-gritty" (1961) = dt. "Kern der Sache" ist anscheinend ungeklärt. Die Bedeutung von engl. "grit" = dt. "grobkörniger Sand", "Kies", "Sandstein" dürfte wohl im Sinne von dt. "Kern" sicherlich eine Rolle gespielt haben. Auch die beliebte Reduplikation dürfte dazu beigetragen haben.

(E?)(L?) http://web.archive.org/web/20070512130707/http://www2.bartleby.com/68/72/4072.html

nitty-gritty
...
See RHYMING COMPOUNDS.


(E?)(L?) http://web.archive.org/web/20070512130707/http://www2.bartleby.com/68/60/5160.html

RHYMING COMPOUNDS are catchy and surprisingly durable self-imitating words such as "nitty-gritty", "hanky-panky", "hurdy-gurdy", "namby-pamby", and "itty-bitty". Of these, "hurdy-gurdy" is Standard; the others are slang, suitable mainly for Conversational and Informal use.


(E?)(L?) http://www.dailywritingtips.com/the-nitty-gritty-about-reduplication/

The Nitty-Gritty About Reduplication

by Mark Nichol

Reduplication, a type of vocabulary variation that allows writers and speakers of English to indulge in the rich potential for wordplay the language so often provides, refers to any of three types of repetitive extension of sounds. (Many other languages also feature reduplication, but this post focuses exclusively on the English tongue.)

Rhyming Reduplication

When we talk about doing the "hokey-pokey", or refer to a "razzle-dazzle" spectacle or a "namby-pamby" attitude, we’re employing rhyming reduplication, which usually serves to emphasize with a playful near duplication of a meaningful word ("fuzzy-wuzzy", "itsy-bitsy"), though sometimes both words have meaning and the rhyming is a fringe benefit that makes the term catchier ("chick flick").

Many reduplicatives are pairings of nonsense words ("fuddy-duddy", "hanky-panky"), and their origin is obscure, but others with seemingly meaningless elements have at least a likely etymology: "Hurly-burly" may stem from the kinetic term "hurl", and "willy-nilly" goes back several centuries to any one of several possible expressions such as "Will he, nill he" ("Whether he will or he won’t").
...


(E?)(L?) http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=nitty-gritty

nitty-gritty (n.)

"basic facts", 1961, "knitty-gritty", American English, said to have been chiefly used by black jazz musicians, perhaps ultimately from "nit" and "grits" "finely ground corn". As an adjective from 1966.


(E?)(L?) http://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/wa

LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG ( 54 Matches )


(E?)(L?) http://www.musanim.com/mam/unknown.html

nitty-gritty (1963)


(E?)(L?) http://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/nitty-gritty.html

...
Where it does come from isn't known. It is one of the many phrases that use rhyming reduplication, for example, namby-pamby, willy-nilly etc. It is most likely that the rhyme was formed as a simple extension of the existing US adjective 'gritty', meaning determined or plucky.


(E2)(L1) https://www.dictionary.com/browse/nitty-gritty


(E?)(L?) http://users.tinyonline.co.uk/gswithenbank/sayindex.htm

Get down to the nitty-gritty


(E?)(L?) http://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/phylum#word=N

"nitty-gritty" the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience


(E1)(L1) http://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-nit2.htm

...
None of these are supported by any firm evidence, and it’s this lack of a clear origin that has contributed to the wide distribution of the slave-ship story.


(E1)(L1) http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?corpus=0&content=nitty-gritty
Abfrage im Google-Corpus mit 15Mio. eingescannter Bücher von 1500 bis heute.

Engl. "nitty-gritty" taucht in der Literatur nicht signifikant auf.

Erstellt: 2014-08

O

P

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park and ride (W3)



"§"
peace and quiet (W3)



Q

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quick and dirty (W3)



R

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rack and ruin (W3)



"§"
Reduplicatives

Die Reduplikation ist eine Wortbildungsform, die im Lateinischen zur Perfektbildung (faller / fefelli), im Indonesischen zur Bildung des Plurals dient ("orang" = "Mensch", "orang-orang" = "Menschen").

Im Deutschen handelt es sich um affektische Bildungen wie Papa, Mama, Bonbon, ...

Words that are made up of sounds that repeat are called "reduplicatives". This is a very primitive human impulse that begins with baby talk. Some of these phrases like "booboo" persist into adulthood. One way that phrases are built up uses a form of "reduplication" in which a syllable, word or phrase is repeated, but with a single vowel sound changed.

"§"
Reduplications

"Reduplication" in English: the second part of the word or phrase duplicates or echoes the first.

It's a very popular device in English as you can see from many of these enjoyable examples:

airy-fairy | argy-bargy | artsy-fartsy | backpack | bedspread | bedstead | blackjack | blue flu | boogie-woogie | brain drain - the loss of talented and educated people of a country to other countries where conditions are better - Abwanderung von Talenten und intelligenten Leuten aus einem Land | chill pill | Chilly Willie (the cartoon penguin) | Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (movie title) | chrome dome | chug-a-lug | city kitty (CB jargon) | county Mountie (CB jargon) | Cox and Box (an operetta by Sir Arthur Sullivan) | creepie-peepie (hand-held TV camera) | demisemiquaver | Dennis the Menace | dilly-dally | Ditch Witch | double trouble | downtown | dream team | Euler's spoilers (the mathematicians who disproved Euler's conjecture about order 10 Latin squares) | fancy-schmancy | fat cat | fender-bender | fine line | flower power | Flub-a-dub | frat rat | freight rate | Frito Bandito | fuddy-duddy | funny money | gaggin' wagon | gator freighter | gritz blitz | ground round | hanky-panky | harum-scarum | head shed (an army headquarters) | heebie-jeebie(s) | helter-skelter | hemidemisemiquaver | herky-jerky | hexaflexagon | higgledy piggledy | hipper-dipper (a baseball pitch) | hobnob | hobson-jobson | hocus-pocus | hoity-toity | hokey-cokey | hokey-pokey | holy moly | honey-bunny | hootchie-kootchie | hotch-potch | hot shot | Hubble-bubble | hugger-mugger | Humpty Dumpty | hurdy-gurdy | hurly-burly | hurry-scurry | ill will | itsy-bitsy | jet set | legal beagle | legal eagle | local yokel | lovey-dovey | unch bunch | mean machine | mellow yellow | middle fiddle | motor voter | mud-blood | mumbo-jumbo | namby-pamby | near beer | night flight | night fright | night light | nitty-gritty | okey-dokey | Ollie's Trollies (restaurant chain) | Pall Mall | pell-mell | phony baloney | Pick-Quick | picnic | piggly-wiggly | pooper-scooper | pop top | powwow | quick trick | ragin' Cajun | razzle-dazzle | red lead | repple-depple | Rikki-Tikki-Tavi | Rin-Tin-Tin | roach coach | rock 'em sock 'em | rock jock | roly-poly | rope-a-dope | rough tough cream puff | rub-a-dub | schlock rock | shock jock | slick chick | slim Jim | snail mail | soap-on-a-rope | Spruce Goose | Steady Eddie (sung by Annette Funicello) | Stormin' Norman | stun gun | sump pump | super-duper | sweetmeat | teeny-weeny | Tex-Mex | tie-dye | tzitzit | tooti-fruiti | town clown (CB jargon) | Transistor Sister (sung by Neil Sedaka) | virgin sturgeon | walkie-talkie | Watusi Luci (LBJ's daughter) | white flight | white knight | willy-nilly | wingding

"§"
rest and relaxation (W3)



"§"
rough and ready (W3)



S

"§"
slowly but surely (W3)



"§"
smoke and mirrors, Schall und Rauch (W3)

Das engl. "smoke and mirrors" = "not real", "lacking substance", "illusory" entspricht dem dt. "Schall und Rauch".

Diese Redewendungen gehen zurück auf Tricks der Magier, die ihre Kunsstückchen mit "Rauch", "Krach" und in England eben auch mit "Spiegeln" umrahmten.

Mit diesen Hilfsmitteln versuchen viele Zeitgenossen auch in anderen Lebensbereichen wie Politik oder der Datenverarbeitung die wahren Geschehnisse zu verschleiern.

(E3)(L1) https://owad.de/word


(E?)(L?) http://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/324700.html


(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/t/TheJargonLexicon.html
Hier erfährt man, dass bereits ein aztekischer Zauberer den Namen "Tezcatlipoca" = "Smoking Mirror" = "Rauchender Spiegel" trug.

Der "Spiegel" wurde bereits von aztekischen Priestern als Wahrsage-Werkzeug eingesetzt.

(E1)(L1) http://www.word-detective.com/backidx.html


T

"§"
touch and go (W3)



U

V

W

"§"
wait and see (W3)



"§"
whys and wherefores (W3)



"§"
wining and dining (W3)



X

Y

Z

"§"
Zwillingsformel (W3)

(E3)(L1) http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwillingsformel