Etymologie, Etimología, Étymologie, Etimologia, Etymology, (griech.) etymología, (lat.) etymologia, (esper.) etimologio
SX Sint Maarten (Netherlands), Sint Maarten (Netherlands), Saint-Martin (Pays-Bas), Sint Maarten (Netherlands), Sint Maarten (Netherlands)
Allgemein, general, en général, generale, in general

(Philipsburg, Philipsburg, Philipsburg, Philipsburg, Philipsburg)
18°1 N - 63°2 W

bis Oktober 2010 Teil von:
Niederländische Antillen, Antillas Neerlandesas, Antilles néerlandaises, Antille olandesi / Antille nederlandesi, Netherlands Antilles

Sint Maarten, Saint-Martin, Saint Martin, St Maarten
18°04 N - 63°04 W

Landes-Name in den Amtssprachen der Staaten der Welt

AMTLICHE BEZEICHNUNGEN AUSLÄNDISCHER STAATEN IN DEN LANDESSPRACHEN

LÄNDERVERZEICHNIS für den amtlichen Gebrauch in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland

Country Named Authority List

Country Index

Recommandation concernant les noms d’États, d’habitants, de capitales, de sièges diplomatiques ou consulaires (liste établie par le ministère des affaires étrangères et européennes)

cia
Sint Maarten

Central America and Caribbean :: Sint Maarten

(part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)

Introduction ::Sint Maarten

Background:

Although sighted by Christopher COLUMBUS in 1493 and claimed for Spain, it was the Dutch who occupied the island in 1631 and set about exploiting its salt deposits. The Spanish retook the island in 1633, but continued to be harassed by the Dutch. The Spanish finally relinquished the island of Saint Martin to the French and Dutch, who divided it amongst themselves in 1648. The establishment of cotton, tobacco, and sugar plantations dramatically expanded slavery on the island in the 18th and 19th centuries; the practice was not abolished in the Dutch half until 1863. The island's economy declined until 1939 when it became a free port; the tourism industry was dramatically expanded beginning in the 1950s. In 1954, Sint Maarten and several other Dutch Caribbean possessions became part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands as the Netherlands Antilles. In a 2000 referendum, the citizens of Sint Maarten voted to become a self-governing country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The change in status became effective in October of 2010 with the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles.

Geography :: Sint Maarten

Location: Caribbean, located in the Leeward Islands (northern) group; Dutch part of the island of Saint Martin in the Caribbean Sea; Sint Maarten lies east of the US Virgin Islands

Geographic coordinates:

18 4 N, 63 4 W

Map references:

Central America and the Caribbean

Area:

• total: 34 sq km
• country comparison to the world: 236
• land: 34 sq km
• water: 0 sq km
• note:Dutch part of the island of Saint Martin

Area - comparative:

one-fifth the size of Washington, DC

Land boundaries:

total: 15 km

border countries: Saint Martin (France) 15 km

Coastline: 364 km

Maritime claims:

• territorial sea: 12 nm
• exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm

Climate:

tropical marine climate, ameliorated by northeast trade winds, results in moderate temperatures; average rainfall of 1500 mm/year; July-November is the hurricane season

Terrain:

low, hilly terrain, volcanic origin

Elevation extremes:

• lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
• highest point: Mount Flagstaff 386 m

Natural resources: fish, salt

Land use:

• arable land: 10%
• permanent crops: 0%
• other: 90%

Irrigated land: NA

Natural hazards: subject to hurricanes from July to November

Environment - current issues: NA

Geography - note:

the northern border is shared with the French overseas collectivity of Saint Martin; together, these two entities make up the smallest landmass in the world shared by two self-governing states

People ::Sint Maarten

Languages: English (official) 67.5%, Spanish 12.9%, Creole 8.2%, Dutch (official) 4.2%, Papiamento (a Spanish-Portuguese-Dutch-English dialect) 2.2%, French 1.5%, other 3.5% (2001 census)

Religions: Roman Catholic 39%, Protestant 44.8% (Pentecostal 11.6%, Seventh-Day Adventist 6.2%, other Protestant 27%), none 6.7%, other 5.4%, Jewish 3.4%, not reported 0.7% (2001 census)

Population:

• 39,088 (January 2010 est.)
• country comparison to the world: 212

Age structure:

• 0-14 years: 23.4% (male 4,299/female 4,455)
• 15-64 years: 73% (male 13,053/female 14,259)
• 65 years and over: 3.6% (male 608/female 755) (2012 est.)

Population growth rate: NA

Birth rate: NA

Death rate:

• 3 deaths/1,000 population (2009)
• country comparison to the world: 219

Net migration rate:

• 14.24 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2008)
• country comparison to the world: 9

Sex ratio:

• at birth: 0.98 male(s)/female
• under 15 years: 0.96 male(s)/female
• 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female
• 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female
• total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2010)

Life expectancy at birth:

• total population: NA
• male: 73.1 years
• female: 78.2 years (2009)

Total fertility rate:

• 2.1 children born/woman (2009)
• country comparison to the world: 116

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: NA

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: NA

HIV/AIDS - deaths: NA

Education expenditures: NA

Government ::Sint Maarten

Country name:

• Dutch long form: Land Sint Maarten
• Dutch short form: Sint Maarten
• English long form: Country of Sint Maarten
• English short form: Sint Maarten
• former: Netherlands Antilles; Curacao and Dependencies

Dependency status: constituent country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands; full autonomy in internal affairs granted in 2010; Dutch Government responsible for defense and foreign affairs

Government type: parliamentary

Administrative divisions: none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)

Independence: none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)

National holiday: Queen's Day (Birthday of Queen-Mother JULIANA and accession to the throne of her oldest daughter BEATRIX), 30 April (1909 and 1980)

Constitution: Staatsregeling, 10 October 2010; revised Kingdom Charter pending

Legal system: based on Dutch civil law system with some English common law influence

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch:

• chief of state: Queen BEATRIX of the Netherlands (since 30 April 1980); represented by Governor General Eugene HOLIDAY (since 10 October 2010)
• head of government: Sarah WESCOTT-WILLIAMS (since 10 October 2010)
• cabinet: Cabinet
• (For more information visit the World Leaders website )
• elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch for a six-year term; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is usually elected prime minister by the legislature

Legislative branch:

• unicameral parliament or Staten (15 seats; members elected by popular vote for four year term)
• elections: last held 17 September 2010 (next to be held in 2014)
• election results: percent of vote by party - National Alliance 45.9%, UPP 36.1%, Democratic Party 17.1%; seats by party - National Alliance 7, UPP 6, Democratic Party 2

Judicial branch: Common Court of Justice, Joint High Court of Justice (judges appointed by the monarch)

Political parties and leaders: Democratic Party or DP [Sarah WESCOTT-WILLIAMS]; National Alliance or NA [William MARLIN]; United People's Party or UPP [Theodore HEYLIGER]; Concordia Political Alliance or CPA [Jeffery RICHARDSON]

Diplomatic representation in the US: none (represented by the Kingdom of the Netherlands)

Diplomatic representation from the US: the US does not have an embassy in Sint Maarten; the Consul General to Curacao is accredited to Sint Maarten

Flag description:

two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and blue with a white isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; the center of the triangle displays the Sint Maarten coat of arms; the arms consist of an orange-bordered blue shield prominently displaying the white court house in Philipsburg, as well as a bouquet of yellow sage (the national flower) in the upper left, and the silhouette of a Dutch-French friendship monument in the upper right; the shield is surmounted by a yellow rising sun in front of which is a Brown Pelican in flight; a yellow scroll below the shield bears the motto: SEMPER PROGREDIENS (Always Progressing); the three main colors are identical to those on the Dutch flag

note:the flag somewhat resembles that of the Philippines, but with the main red and blue bands reversed; the banner more closely evokes the wartime Philippine flag

National anthem:

• name: "O Sweet Saint Martin's Land"
• lyrics/music: Gerard KEMPS
• note:the song, written in 1958, is used as an unofficial anthem for the entire island (both French and Dutch sides); as a collectivity of France, in addition to the local anthem, "La Marseillaise" is official on the French side (see France); as a constituent part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, in addition to the local anthem, "Het Wilhelmus" is official on the Dutch side (see Netherlands)

Economy ::Sint Maarten

Economy - overview:

The economy of Sint Maarten centers around tourism with nearly four-fifths of the labor force engaged in this sector. Over one million visitors come to the island each year - 1.3 million in 2008 - with most arriving through the Princess Juliana International Airport. Cruise ships and yachts also call on Sint Maarten's numerous ports and harbors. No significant agriculture and limited local fishing means that almost all food must be imported. Energy resources and manufactured goods are also imported. Sint Maarten had the highest per capita income among the five islands that formerly comprised the Netherlands Antilles.

GDP (purchasing power parity):

• $794.7 million (2008 est.)
• country comparison to the world: 209
• $748.9 million (2007 est.)
• $703.2 million (2006 est.)
• note:data are in 2008 US dollars

GDP (official exchange rate): $794.7 million (2008)

GDP - real growth rate:

• 1.6% (2008 est.)
• country comparison to the world: 166
• 4.5% (2007 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP):

• $15,400 (2008 est.)
• country comparison to the world: 79

GDP - composition by sector:

• agriculture: 0.4%
• industry: 18.3%
• services: 81.3% (2008 est.)

Labor force:

• 23,200 (2008 est.)
• country comparison to the world: 208

Labor force - by occupation:

• agriculture: 1.1%
• industry: 15.2%
• services: 83.7% (2008 est.)

Unemployment rate:

• 10.6% (2008 est.)
• country comparison to the world: 115

Inflation rate (consumer prices):

• 0.7% (2009 est.)
• country comparison to the world: 9
• 4.6% (2008 est.)

Agriculture - products: sugar

Industries: tourism, light industry, and manufacturing

Exports - commodities: sugar

Exchange rates: Netherlands Antillean guilders (ANG) per US dollar - 1.79 (2010)

Energy ::Sint Maarten

Electricity - production:

• 304.3 million kWh (2008 est.)
• country comparison to the world: 171

Communications ::Sint Maarten

Telephones - main lines in use:

• 5,153 (2001)
• country comparison to the world: 210

Telephones - mobile cellular: NA

Telephone system:

• general assessment: generally adequate facilities
• domestic: extensive interisland microwave radio relay links
• international: country code - 599 (country code changes to 1-721 effective 30 September 2011); the Americas Region Caribbean Ring System (ARCOS-1) and the Americas-2 submarine cable systems provide connectivity to Central America, parts of South America and the Caribbean, and the US; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

Internet country code: .sx; note - IANA has designated .sx for Sint Maarten, but has not yet assigned it to a sponsoring organization

Internet hosts: NA

Internet users: NA

Transportation ::Sint Maarten

Airports:

• 1
• country comparison to the world: 235

Airports - with paved runways:

• total: 1
• 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2010)

Roadways:

• total: 53 km
• country comparison to the world: 218

Military ::Sint Maarten

Military branches: the Royal Netherlands Navy maintains a permanent and active presence in the region from its main operating base on Curacao and through a detachment on Sint Maarten; other local security forces include a coast guard, paramilitary National Guard (Vrijwilligers Korps Sint Maarten), and Police Force (KPSM) (2010)

Military service age and obligation: no conscription (2010)

Military - note: defense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands

Philipsburg (W3)

Sint Maarten
...
Capital:

• name: Philipsburg
• geographic coordinates: 18 1 N, 63 2 W
• time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

...
Flag description:

two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and blue with a white isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; the center of the triangle displays the Sint Maarten coat of arms; the arms consist of an orange-bordered blue shield prominently displaying the white court house in Philipsburg, as well as a bouquet of yellow sage (the national flower) in the upper left, and the silhouette of a Dutch-French friendship monument in the upper right; the shield is surmounted by a yellow rising sun in front of which is a Brown Pelican in flight; a yellow scroll below the shield bears the motto: SEMPER PROGREDIENS (Always Progressing); the three main colors are identical to those on the Dutch flag

note: the flag somewhat resembles that of the Philippines, but with the main red and blue bands reversed; the banner more closely evokes the wartime Philippine flag
...
Ports and terminals:

• Philipsburg
• oil terminals: Coles Bay oil terminal

...

Capitale: Philipsburg

• 99.9 Choice FM Philipsburg Netherlands Antilles World Tropical MP3 32K
• Laser 101 Philipsburg Netherlands Antilles Top 40 MP3 32K
• Oasis 96.3 FM Philipsburg Netherlands Antilles Pop MP3 32K
• Pearl FM 98.1 Philipsburg Netherlands Antilles Oldies MP3 32K
• The Voice of St. Maarten AM 1300 Philipsburg Netherlands Antilles Variety MP3 32K
• The Voice of St. Maarten FM 102.7 Philipsburg Netherlands Antilles World Tropical MP3 32K
• Tropixx 105.5 FM Philipsburg Netherlands Antilles Variety MP3 32K

...
1763 von dem schottischen Kapitän der niederländischen Marine John Philips gegründet avancierte die Hafenstadt bald zu einem international wichtigen Warenumschlagplatz. Als schönes Beispiele westindischer Architektur zählt das 1793 errichtete Gerichtsgebäude.
...

Princess Juliana International Airport (W3)

Juliana of the Netherlands

Juliana (Dutch pronunciation: Juliana Louise Emma Marie Wilhelmina; 30 April 1909 - 20 March 2004) was the Queen regnant of the Kingdom of the Netherlands between 1948 and 1980. She was the only child of Queen Wilhelmina and Prince Henry. She was married to Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld, with whom she had four children: Princess Beatrix (born 1938), Princess Irene (born 1939), Princess Margriet (born 1943), Princess Christina (born 1947). During the Second World War she lived in exile with her children in Ottawa, Canada. She became Queen of the Netherlands with her mother's abdication in 1948 and was succeeded by Queen Beatrix after her own abdication in 1980. During her reign both Indonesia (Dutch East Indies) proclaimed in 1945, but recognized in 1949 and Suriname in 1975 became independent from the Netherlands. Her birthday is celebrated annually as Koninginnedag, Queen's Day. Upon her death at the age of 94, she was the longest-lived former ruling monarch in the world. She is commemorated in space, in the name of the asteroid 816 Juliana.
...

Sint Maarten (W3)

Sint Maarten

Background:

Although sighted by Christopher COLUMBUS in 1493 and claimed for Spain, it was the Dutch who occupied the island in 1631 and set about exploiting its salt deposits. The Spanish retook the island in 1633, but continued to be harassed by the Dutch. The Spanish finally relinquished the island of Saint Martin to the French and Dutch, who divided it amongst themselves in 1648. The establishment of cotton, tobacco, and sugar plantations dramatically expanded slavery on the island in the 18th and 19th centuries; the practice was not abolished in the Dutch half until 1863. The island's economy declined until 1939 when it became a free port; the tourism industry was dramatically expanded beginning in the 1950s. In 1954, Sint Maarten and several other Dutch Caribbean possessions became part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands as the Netherlands Antilles. In a 2000 referendum, the citizens of Sint Maarten voted to become a self-governing country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The change in status became effective in October of 2010 with the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles.
...

...
Geography - note:
the island of Saint Martin is the smallest landmass in the world shared by two independent states, the French territory of Saint Martin and the Dutch territory of Sint Maarten.
...

Background:

Although sighted by Christopher COLUMBUS in 1493 and claimed for Spain, it was the Dutch who occupied the island in 1631 and set about exploiting its salt deposits. The Spanish retook the island in 1633, but continued to be harassed by the Dutch. The Spanish finally relinquished Saint Martin to the French and Dutch, who divided it between themselves in 1648. Friction between the two sides caused the border to frequently fluctuate over the next two centuries, with the French eventually holding the greater portion of the island (about 57%). The cultivation of sugar cane introduced slavery to the island in the late 18th century; the practice was not abolished until 1848. The island became a free port in 1939; the tourism industry was dramatically expanded during the 1970s and 1980s. In 2003, the populace of Saint Martin voted to secede from Guadeloupe and in 2007, the northern portion of the island became a French overseas collectivity. In 2010, the Dutch portion of the island became an independent nation within the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
...

SEARCH ENGINES - MOTEURS DE RECHERCHE - MOTORES DE BUSQÚEDA - SUCHMASCHINEN

• CARIB SEEK Search portal for Sint Maarten! (Willemstad, Curaçao)
• ODP Open Directory Project's Sint Maarten search! (Mountain View, California, United States)
• YELLOW PAGES - PAGES JAUNES - PÁGINAS AMARILLAS - GELBE SEITEN
• LOCAL PROPERTY INDEX Sint Maarten Property for sale: Fantastic selection of properties for sale and rent available from LocalPropertyIndex.com. The web's biggest property search engine! (London, United Kingdom, European Union)

• Population: 32 800 habitants (2004)
• Langues officielles: néerlandais et anglais
• Groupe majoritaire: anglais des îles (ou anglais saint-martinois)
• Groupes minoritaires: néerlandais, français, créole haïtien, créole guadeloupéen, papiamento, néerlandais, créole martiniquais, espagnol, portugais et italien
• Système politique: territoire néerlandais d'outre-mer au sein du royaume des Pays-Bas
• Articles constitutionnels (langue): art. 1, 16, 27 et 28 de la Constitution saint-martinoise du 10 août 2010
• Lois linguistiques: Loi sur l'enseignement primaire (1981) ; Loi sur les médias (1987) ; Décret sur les médias (1987) ; Convention relative aux peuples indigènes et tribaux (1989) ; Loi du 4 juin 1992, relative aux règles générales du droit administratif (1992) ; Loi du 15 octobre 1995 sur l'enseignement professionnel (1995) ; Loi du 15 septembre 2005 sur l'orthographe.

Saint Martin/Sint Maarten

• Saint Martin/Sint Maarten (Caribbean-On-Line)
• Saint Martin/Sint Maarten (Guides Ulysse)
• Saint Martin/Sint Maarten (Routard.com)
• Saint Martin/Sint Maarten (WorldAtlas.com)
• Saint Martin - Interactive Atlas (GéoPortail)

Sint Maarten, Netherlands Antilles Guilder (ANG)

Sint Maarten zu Niederlande

Sint Maarten - Martin of Tours

...
In 1493, during Christopher Columbus' second voyages to the West Indies, upon first sighting the island he named it "Isla de San Martín" after "Saint Martin of Tours" because it was 11 November, "St. Martin Day". However, though he claimed it as a Spanish territory, Columbus never landed there, and Spain made the settlement of the island a low priority.
...

St. Maarten (W3)

18°N 63°W - 3.5 km (2.2 miles) E of Witte Kaap (Cape), St. Maartens, Netherlands Antilles

St Maarten Travel Guide